Medical Device Failure Analysis: Look Inside Before Disassembly

A returned medical device needs an explanation, not just another production pass or fail. Before opening an enclosure or cutting through an encapsulated assembly, an investigator can ask whether an internal image would help locate the suspect feature. That observation can guide the next step without immediately changing the device’s construction.

Locate the concern before cutting

In the Medical Device Inspection Fireside Chat, Glenn Thomas recalls evaluating complex catheter-related assemblies containing many internal wires. Destructive examination required working through the assembly layer by layer. Imaging offered a way to look for the area of concern before committing to that teardown.

The example illustrates a diagnostic approach, not a universal time-saving guarantee. A useful examination needs to establish whether the relevant wire, connection or structure is distinguishable in the actual sample. An image may identify a location for further work without establishing the complete failure mechanism.

Use imaging to inform repair triage

Thomas also describes ultrasound probes returned for evaluation. Opening each probe simply to decide whether repair was feasible added work before a quotation could be prepared. An internal examination could help inform that initial decision.

This separates structural diagnosis from a repair promise. The inspection can contribute evidence about the enclosed assembly; confirming repairability still depends on the device, the fault and appropriate additional testing.

Compare the return with its production record

The discussion connects stored images with identifiers, manufacturing dates and other process information. A returned unit’s current image can be compared with its earlier record and with neighboring production samples. That comparison can help frame whether a difference was present at manufacture or appeared later.

Image history is evidence to investigate, not an automatic determination of cause or recall scope. Record identity, imaging conditions and the observed discrepancy need to remain clear. Relevant quality and regulatory decisions belong to the manufacturer’s controlled investigation.

Define the diagnostic question

Specify the suspect component and the observation needed before choosing an imaging method. X-ray does not replace electrical, functional or other appropriate tests, and inspection does not certify sterility. Discuss a nondestructive examination to determine how internal evidence could support the investigation.

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